modelo, el exterior no es espacial, es temporal; el
exterior es el futuro, o lo que será el universo en el
futuro—no es un "espacio" exterior al universo con el
que éste limitaría. Así explica Chaisson la analogía del
universo esférico con la tierra esférica que vería una
criatura plana:
"Perceiving our surroundings, we note a very definite
horizon everywhere. The surface appears flat and pretty
much identical in all directions. Accordingly, we might
get the impression of being at the center of something.
But we're not really at the center of Earth's surface at
all. The surface of a sphere has no center. Such is the
cosmological principle: there is no preferred, special, or
central location on the surface of any sphere.
Likewise, regardless of our position in the real, four-
dimensional Universe, we observe roughly the same
spread of galaxies as would be noted by any other
observer from any other vantage point in the Universe.
Despite our observation that galaxies literally surround
us in the sky, this need not mean that we reside at the
center of the Universe. In fact, if our spherical analogy
is valid, then the Universe has no center. Nor does it
have any edge or boundary. The case of a flatlander
roaming on the surface of a three-dimensional sphere is
completely analogous to a space traveler voyagint
through the real four-dimensional Universe. Neither
ever reaches a boundary or edge. Proceeding far enough
in a single direction on the surface of a sphere, the
traveler (or any radiation) would eventually return to
the starting point, just as Magellan's crew proved by
circumnavigating planet Earth. In much the same way,
if four-dimensional spacetime is structured according to
this spherical analogue, an astronaut could be launched
in one direction, only to return at some future date from